SparkPeople advertisers help keep the site free! Learn more

Fitness Articles  ›  

Barefoot Running Basics and the Science Behind It

Are We 'Born to Run' Barefoot?

-- By Anne Sasso, Shape.com
SparkPeople advertisers help keep the site free! Learn more
Barefoot running is something humans have done pretty much as long as we've been walking upright, but it's also one of the hottest and fastest-growing fitness trends out there. First, there were the barefoot running superpowers of Mexico's Tarahumara Indians and elite Kenyan runners. Then, in 2009, a bestselling book: "Born to Run" by Christopher McDougall. Now, those funny-looking barefoot-inspired shoes—you know, the ones with the toes—are popping up everywhere. Is barefoot-style running a fitness trend worth trying—or just an excuse to gear up with some groovy new shoes?

Barefoot Running Benefits
Many runners who switch to barefoot-style running—landing on the fore- or midfoot rather than the heel—find that their aches and pains go away. That's because barefoot running, which forces you to take shorter strides and land on the ball of your foot (instead of your heel), lets your physiology work more efficiently, better cushioning the impact of your foot striking the ground, says Jay Dicharry, an exercise physiologist with the University of Virginia Center for Endurance Sport. This means much less pounding on the ankle, knee and hip joints, which makes you feel better and run easier, Dicharry says. It also allows your feet the freedom to move as they were meant to, which translates into greater foot flexibility and strength, as well as improved balance and stability.

In contrast, modern running shoes confine the feet and "put a big squishy marshmallow under your heel," which conditions us to land on our heels, causing a host of problems, Dicharry says. Rigid soles also reduce the ability of feet to flex. While there's a growing body of research affirming the benefits of barefoot and barefoot-style running, the jury's still out as to whether it's an overall healthier approach to your running workout. If you do want to try it, start slow and follow these guidelines.

Barefoot Running Basics
Before you shed your shoes or invest in fancy, five-toed ones, start to experiment with a forefoot strike on your regular runs using your usual footwear. It will feel strange and awkward at first and you'll probably notice a little extra effort or soreness in your calves. While you're experimenting, spend as much non-running time as possible barefoot to build foot strength and flexibility. Once you're comfortable with the new running technique, try a pair of the barefoot-inspired runners, like the new Nike Free Run+ or the New Balance 100 or 101. Take it slow in the new shoes—no more than 10 minutes on your first outing. Increase your time in 5-minute increments until you're comfortably running your usual route—it might take 6 to 8 weeks. Once you've got the new foot strike dialed in, consider moving on to the five-toed poster child of barefoot shoes, the Vibram FiveFingers (try the Sprint, it goes on easier).

"Some people can throw their shoes in the garbage can and run comfortably barefoot for the rest of their lives," Dicharry says. "Some can run barefoot once and get a stress fracture in their foot." Most of us fall somewhere in between and can benefit from the technique, he says. But you do need the proper shoes and must build up slowly: increasing foot strength and flexibility, stretching out tight Achilles tendons and adjusting to this new way of running.

Barefoot Running Shoes
Shoe companies are really going to town with lines of light, über-flexible shoes that behave more like bare feet. The cool thing is that if you're a hardcore runner, you probably don't have to change brands to find one of these. Expect to see an explosion of new models on store shelves, with companies like Saucony, Keen, New Balance and Merrell entering the fray. Once you're used to flexing your feet more, you'll start wearing your running shoes everywhere—they're that comfortable. And eventually you may be ready to go barefoot in the park: Kick off your shoes and run a while!
 
See the original article on Shape.com.

More from SHAPE
Running for Beginners: 10 Things to Know Before Your First 5K

10 Ways to Improve Your Running Technique
 
SHAPE's Shoe Guide: Find the Best Athletic Shoes
Click here to to redeem your SparkPoints
  You will earn 3 SparkPoints
Page 1 of 1   Return to main fitness page »

Related Content


About The Author

SHAPE magazine SHAPE magazine
is dedicated to helping you live a healthy and happy life. Find more stories like this on diets, fitness, healthy eating and recipes at Shape.com.

Member Comments

  • Ironic how shoe companies are jumping at the chance to make money on "barefoot" running. You don't need shoes to run barefoot. It's that simple. I plan to get some minimalist shoes for the office (as barefooting there is frowned upon), but not super expensive ones. - 7/10/2012 1:01:03 AM
  • I'm so glad to see this here! I just this week bought my first pair of Brooks Pure Cadence and it's quite the difference! I did 3.5 in them this morning and while my calves and hamstrings are definitely more sore than usual, I have none of the usual shin/knee aches! I'm hoping this is a trend that keeps up!

    For those wanting to try, you don't have to go all the way to the Vibram Fives. There are a lot of options in between! - 11/20/2011 7:08:45 PM
  • YOSHEK
    As much as I avoid wearing shoes and as much as I work out otherwise without shoes, I've done barefoot running before in highschool when I forgot to bring tennis shoes (I was wearing flip-flops) and it totally messed up my ankles and lower calves for at least a month (and I don't mean just sore but it was difficult to even walk). Other than that I loved it; I felt it gave me a better workout. Maybe I'll save up for a pair of Fivefinger and try barefoot running (on hard surfaces) again some day. - 11/17/2011 12:31:35 PM
  • I'm so happy to see this on Spark! I switched to Five-Fingers over a year ago, and I'm never going back to normal shoes.

    RUMBAMEL, you get used to it. You pay more attention to where you're placing your feet, and you're also stepping lighter. I have accidentally stomped on a rock with my arch occasionally, but you react pretty quick and walk it off. They don't offer enough protection for a construction site, sure, but neither do normal running shoes.
    My bother walks barefoot with no special shoes, and he insists that your feet toughen up so much that you may not notice even broken glass!

    Sizes go every quarter inch. They're sold retail so you can try them on. I had a pair of Sprints that I didn't size properly and had way too much space at the heel. My new pair feels better, but I didn't have problems with blisters at the heel. - 11/15/2011 4:50:54 PM
  • As a lifelong shoe-hater this appeals to me. I'm actually faster, much faster, and have much more endurance without shoes. I've tried this in backyards where I could pretty much trust there would not be broken glass. - 11/15/2011 2:53:00 PM
  • No where am I seeing anything about the terrain! What about sticks, pebbles, rocks, glass and all that kind of stuff. I'm no princess and the pea, but goodness most people's feet are pretty sensitive and wouldn't they feel all sorts of stuff when they are running. Let's face it, a lot of places are littered with little things and our regular shoes get the brunt of it...tacks, gum, and other icky stuff. I certainly wouldn't want that on my bare feet or to feel in through some bare-like shoes.

    Just my two cents.

    rumbamel - 11/15/2011 1:49:46 PM
  • I ran barefoot once on the beach this summer. I loved it. I was where the beaches are all sand with no rocks or shells. Unfortunately, I can't do it here. All rocks. :-( I would love to try a pair of the toe shoes, but as I just bought a pair of New Balance running shoes, I will have to wait for a while. - 11/15/2011 9:53:08 AM
  • I was one of those people who put on barefoot running shoes and that was that. My calves were sore for one week while my muscles strengthened, but my stride changed instantly, I felt lighter, and I never got a shin splint.

    Vibram, the maker of the Fivefinger toe-shoes, recommends that someone new to barefoot activities spends the first week or two just walking around in the shoes until the muscles in the calves, ankles, and feet become strong enough to handle more intense activity like running, and even then take it slow.

    I've never had any pain running barefoot. Actually, the first time I hit the road barefoot, I felt like my feet were getting a massage -- it was the most amazing, liberating feeling ever! Now I have a pair of New Balance Minimus shoes for the road, but I would never, ever go back to a traditional running shoe again. Ever. - 11/15/2011 9:45:21 AM
  • I first heard of barefoot running about a year ago. When I first checked them out on the web I saw pictures of a modern adult foot compared with a picture of an aboriginal foot that has never worn shoes. The difference is striking, but your talking about completely retraining an fully formed adult foot. I'm not saying it's impossible, just that it may take a very long time to adjust, and could be terribly uncomfortable or painful.

    My second thought was about sizes. I have a very odd sized foot (men's size 8 from heel to ball, and size 6 1/2 from ball to toe, 4E width) , that unless they were made to my exact specs, would have a lot of extra material hanging off the ends of my very short toes. This seems like it would be blister haven. Seems too expensive for me to even try it out and then find out it won't work for me. - 11/15/2011 8:58:15 AM
Popular Calories Burned Searches: Pilates  |  Ping Pong  |  Pull-Ups - vigorous