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Nutrition Articles  ›  Special Concerns

Dietary Tips for Digestive Distress

Stop Your Bellyaching!

-- By Tanya Jolliffe, Healthy Eating Expert
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You've probably eaten a large, spicy meal at one time or another, only to end up with an upset stomach (or other digestive woes). The occasional bout of heartburn isn't something of great concern, but when it happens frequently, it's time to stop and take notice. Some common symptoms of digestive distress include:
  • A burning sensation in the stomach
  • Abdominal pain
  • Bloating or feeling full
  • Belching or gas
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Acidic taste in the mouth
  • A growling or gurgling stomach
So how do you know if your symptoms are serious?

Heartburn, that all-too-familiar burning sensation in your chest, throat and stomach, affects about 20% of Americans at least once a week. Sometimes called "acid indigestion," it occurs when stomach acid comes up from the stomach and into the throat. If this happens repeatedly it can result in esophagitis, ulcers, or strictures (narrowing of the esophagus) and can increase the risk of esophageal cancer. Regularly-occurring heartburn can also be a sign of a more serious condition like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Indigestion, also called "dyspepsia," is defined as persistent or recurrent pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen. Indigestion is common and can affect people of all ages. But persistent indigestion is often the sign of an underlying problem, such as GERD, ulcers, or gallbladder disease.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), defined as chronic reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, affects 5-7% of the population. The two symptoms that indicate you could have GERD include persistent heartburn (two or more times per week) and difficulty swallowing (due to acid irritation that has caused the esophagus to become inflamed). The severity of GERD depends on the degree of dysfunction of the esophageal sphincter as well as the type and amount of fluid brought up from the stomach.

Peptic Ulcers are characterized by sores (ulcers) in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum (the first portion of the small intestine). No single cause of ulcers has been identified, but it is clear that ulcers are the result of an imbalance in digetive fluids in the stomach and/or duodenum. However, recent research suggests that most ulcers are caused by the corkscrew-shaped bacterium known as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).  A person can have an ulcer for sometime without having any specific symptoms. When symptoms occur they can include: a burning pain in the middle of the upper stomach between meals or at night, bloating, heartburn, nausea or vomiting. Ulcers can heal on their own, but it's best to get a medical evaluation and to review treatment options with your medical provider. Some people believe they can self-medicate by drinking milk for temporary relief. While milk does coat the stomach lining and provide initial relief, it can make an ulcer worse by stimulating the stomach to produce more acid, which further attacks the ulcer.
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About The Author

Tanya Jolliffe Tanya Jolliffe
Tanya earned a bachelor's degree in dietetics and nutrition and has more than 15 years of experience in nutrition counseling and education. She has worked with clients in such areas as prenatal nutrition, general family nutrition, and therapeutic nutrition. See all of Tanya's articles.

Member Comments

  • LAMBDAPIETA
    I have digestive issues if I eat late at night, before going to bed.
    - 4/9/2013 11:26:37 PM
  • This was very informative, I've been diagnosed with acid reflux, gerd . Due to years of this issue I developed a hitial hernia witch is very painful, almost everything I consume in my body gives me heart burn. It's almost second nature to me. - 3/13/2013 7:51:44 AM
  • AZMIMI98
    I am new to SP and am enjoying the site, have great hopes that it will help to keep me motivated to lose the extra pounds that have attached over the years. As a health care worker and sufferer of GERD myself, the article is spot on re triggers ie caffeine, carbs, carbonated beverages, spicy, fatty foods, etc. The suggestions for what works are worth trying, because we are all so unique. I am going to try aloe juice which a friend uses and has for years with much relief of his night time symptoms. Thanks for writing about this important topic.... - 9/9/2012 10:00:55 AM
  • Another symptom not discussed much but very common is an ongoing cough. I thought for years it was related to my asthma until an allergy/asthma specialist put me on meds for gerd.. Lo and behold I cough 1/4 as much as I used to. It seems the acid reflux irritates the throat passage which in turn causes you to cough, you medicate for the wrong thing which sometimes adds to the acid reflux and on and on. - 8/25/2012 10:26:18 AM
  • ROTHSCHILLER46
    This was very interesting and informative. I have noticed that when I eat better, my acid reflux disappears. Yea! - 6/30/2012 8:04:41 PM
  • I have reflux troubles also. The insurance stopped covering the meds that worked. I eliminated most of the "triggers" and have stopped taking my meds. It has helped, but now I will lose weight. I have an Endoscope on the 15th.
    - 6/4/2012 4:06:50 PM
  • I have had really really bad reflux... I had stopped eating at 5 pm and still would have it at 3 or 4 am, but I just want to validate the others that say a low carb diet has helped! I have been low carbing it (as a serious last resort after trying a million things!) and I have had not one twinge of acid issues. OK granted I also have had NO dairy as well as no chocolate, but I did eliminate those horrible triggers previously with only minimal results. If low carbs rid me of reflux, it's a win win as I lost 7 lbs in the first 10 days :) This is awesome since I was on a reflux drug that effected how my body absorbed calcium and I recently had 4 foot fractures from walking... I know it was directly related with me taking the drug for 18 months! - 5/31/2012 6:39:31 AM
  • AJS4025
    I already take omeprazole dr twice a day. I experience alot of chest pain not cartiac related. cAN I take antiacids between the omeprazole? - 5/14/2012 12:18:59 AM
  • SHARONHW
    I always thought that I had GERD/acid indigestion and took various antiacid medications, with little relief. After doing further research on my symptoms (gassiness, acid burps, feeling food not being digested completely), I realized I had the OPPOSITE condition - low stomach acid. This was causing food to pass without being totally digested, thus the resulting issues. I then started eating/drinking something acidic before meals (i.e. apple cider vinegar, pickles, salad with a vinegar-based dressing), and this made a HUGE difference immediately. It turned out that I was making the problem worse by using the acid reducers. It won't hurt to give this a try - you'll know right away if this is what you need. Now I need to work on my lactose intolerance problem ... - 12/31/2011 4:59:42 PM
  • I was diagnosed with gastroparesis in December; I would love to Spark feature an article on this condition. - 7/25/2011 3:52:05 PM
  • I've been taking a shot of apple cider vinegar in the morning and it's helped my acid reflux tremendously. It's important to get the one with the "mother" and take it on an empty stomach. I also plug my nose and have a small glass of soymilk after to help with the taste. - 6/28/2011 5:25:51 PM
  • GEORGE471
    Any thoughts about gluten sensitivity? - 6/28/2011 4:15:21 PM
  • Another digestive issue to be aware of is gastritis, which is when your stomach lining becomes inflamed. It can cause extreme cramping and diarrhea, as well as heartburn like symptoms in the center of your chest just above your abdomen. Gastritis is caused by a high amount of acid in your stomach, and treatment is very similar to those recommended in the article-- cutting out or down on spicy foods, coffee (both caffeinated and decaf), chocolate, and fatty foods. - 6/28/2011 2:06:42 PM
  • This is my Comment on heartburn and GERD get your vitamin D level Checked.....My heartburn went away after we found out that my vitamin d level was really low and the Dr put me on Vitamin D (2000 IEU) and on a Calcium citrate and Vitamin D bill twice a day - 6/28/2011 1:54:05 PM
  • Cucumbers also give me terrible heartburn. Explain that one :-) I am taking a medication that is very rough on my stomach. I would always take it in the morning with breakfast and suffered from heartburn most of the day as well as many nights. A friend, whose daughter is a doctor, suggested I take it with dinner instead. I did that and rarely suffer from heartburn now. I am looking forward to losing weight so that I may not have to deal with it again. - 6/28/2011 8:25:44 AM