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To Feel Fuller, Fill Up on Protein

Nutrition News Flash

-- By Becky Hand, Licensed & Registered Dietitian
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A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition tested 19 subjects on three different diets. Researchers measured appetite, caloric intake, body weight, and fat mass, as well as blood measurements for insulin, leptin (the hormone responsible for satiety) and ghrelin (the hunger hormone) during each of the phases.

First, subjects followed a weight-maintenance diet of 15% protein, 35% fat, and 50% carbohydrate for two weeks.

Next, the subjects ate the same number of calories (an "isocaloric" diet), but with a different nutrient breakdown (30% protein, 20% fat, and 50% carbohydrate) for two weeks. This diet resulted in markedly increased satiety, although leptin levels did not change.

Finally, subjects followed an "ad libitum" diet (no caloric requirement or restriction), but were required to meet a specific nutrient breakdown of 30% protein, 20% fat, and 50% carbohydrate for 12 weeks. In this phase, participants spontaneously ate 376-504 fewer calories per day, and decreased both body weight and body fat. However, leptin levels decreased and ghrelin levels increased.

The researchers concluded that increasing protein intake from 15% to 30% of calories, with a constant carbohydrate intake, may be beneficial to weight loss.

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This 30% protein, 50% carbohydrate diet fits into the healthy distribution range set by the Food and Nutrition Board, the Institute of Medicine, and National Academy of Sciences. It appears to benefit those trying to lose weight and body fat. The trouble is that many sources of protein are also high in fat. For healthy protein sources, select low-fat dairy products (milk, cheese and yogurt), egg whites or egg substitutes. To enjoy lean meats, trim off excess fat and remove skin. Select cooking methods that limit fat such as grilling, baking or broiling. Many plant proteins, such as tofu, beans, legumes and other soy products are naturally low in fat as well.
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About The Author

Becky Hand Becky Hand
Becky is a registered and licensed dietitian with almost 20 years of experience. Through her company, An Ounce of Prevention, she makes nutrition principles practical, easy to apply and fun. See all of Becky's articles.

Member Comments

  • My nutrition tracker recommends 20% protein and 30% fat (backward); no wonder I'm losing weight so slowly. I will have to see if I can adjust that. - 5/7/2013 9:00:15 PM
  • duh! went from 35% fat to 20% fat. OMG, what a concept! - 5/7/2013 11:50:24 AM
  • Holy crap... Does this mean Spark has finally realized that high protein amounts are needed to feel full and maintain muscle while eating at a caloric deficit!?!

    Around the training circles I'm in with a lot of fighters looking to drop weight without losing muscle and being able to train just as hard (which is what everyone wants: Lose fat while keeping energy levels up) The go-to starting ratio has been 40/30/30 carbs/fat/protein
    . For someone who is less active, even less carbs are needed, and those carbs should try to be focused around training times.

    I really hope the leaders at Spark take this article to heart. I love the tools and community here, the only problem is that they encourage too many carbs, bash on fats that aren't olive oil or nuts, and don't encourage dieters to get the amount of protein they need. - 5/7/2013 10:20:47 AM
  • i have been following a high protein diet for months, i went from around 60 grams of protein to 80 plus per day, i strive to reach 80 and up daily
    giving up soda, and sweets, walking an hour to two hours per day and high protein, coming from beans, cottage cheese, greek yogurt, fish and whey protein shakes, helped me to lose 70 pounds in 6 months.... - 5/7/2013 9:44:35 AM
  • I am always low in the protein department. I will ramp it up and see if that helps. - 11/28/2011 9:12:21 PM
  • That study is a great start, but where's the logical follow up where carbs are reduced from that exorbitant 50% point? - 11/28/2011 8:43:32 PM
  • I find that if I add some protein at breakfast, I tend to eat less the rest of the day. It makes sense to me that since I'm up and moving early in the day and into the afternoon, that I should make sure to have enough protein.

    I'll usually have nuts or milk with my oatmeal, or maybe have an egg or a breakfast drink with added protein. I can go all the way until lunch and not feel hungry. - 11/28/2011 7:21:05 PM
  • A diet of lean protein, healthy fats and lots of low-carb vegetables, a little fruit and some quality grains/vegetable carbs works for me. South beach has some amazing studies done independently and they show great results in terms of their cholestrol levels. I don't keep to SB completely but it taught me the principles that help me as a women lose weight. if you are lifting weights just 3x a week, you need at least 20 grams of protein 3x a day. Tuna, chicken breast are all great sources. It's interesting to note how the new revised plate from the usda is starting to reflect this view. They definitely downplayed the carbs from it's foundation position in the pyramid.
    Protein is important for our body to build muscle. Eating more protein and weight lifting helps maintain lean muscle mass, so that you only lose fat and not muscle on your weight loss journey. Every body builder knows this, so why has it not crossed over to the mainstream or research community, I don't know. - 11/28/2011 1:15:06 PM
  • Some discussion of intolerance to grains and its role in weight gain & appetite would be useful here. But I suspect everything is tempered by what the advertisiers on the site want promoted, and that would be carbs in all its profitable forms. - 11/28/2011 10:04:28 AM
  • LADYBUG-DR
    Not only do I consume less calories (unintentionally) when eating a higher protein diet but I also notice my cravings for sweets diminishes.
    I find I see better results from eating high protein and low carbs than another "diet". It also seems easier than any other way of "dieting" as I can eaily pass on breads, pasta, etc. - 11/28/2011 9:36:03 AM
  • I find this is so true. Protein in the right amount sure helps keep you satisfied. - 8/14/2011 6:08:15 PM
  • Thats what we are taught, high protein, low carbs. low calories. - 7/29/2011 7:51:21 AM
  • To make me full faster, I drink 8-16oz of water prior to eating, then also during & after. I get a lot of my water intake during meal times, plus I don't eat as much at the meal time, or throughout the day because it's so filling! :) - 6/6/2011 4:35:38 PM
  • JUSTBIRDY
    Thanks for bringing this study to our attention! Here's my response
    http://www.spar
    kpeople.com/m
    ypage_public_
    journal_indiv
    idual.asp?blog_id=4025017 - 2/17/2011 11:24:06 AM
  • ODIROM
    Te feel fullest, make sure you have enough FAT! - 2/4/2011 8:11:47 AM